Below are the commands useful for troubleshooting Linux Servers.
● top - Display running processes and system usage.
● htop - Interactive process viewer.
● ps - Display current processes.
● df - Show disk space usage.
● du - Show directory space usage.
● free - Show memory usage.
● uptime - Show system uptime.
● uname - Show system information.
● whoami - Display the current logged-in user.
● lsof - List open files and associated processes.
● vmstat - Report virtual memory statistics.
● iostat - Report I/O statistics.
● netstat - Display network connections and routing tables.
● ifconfig - Display or configure a network interface.
● ping - Check network connectivity.
● traceroute - Track the route packets take to a destination.
● curl - Transfer data from or to a server.
● wget - Download files from the internet.
● ssh - Secure shell to a remote server.
● telnet - Connect to a remote machine.
● nslookup - Query DNS records.
● dig - DNS lookup utility.
● iptables - Configure firewall rules.
● firewalld - Firewall management (CentOS/RHEL)
● kill - Send a signal to a process.
● killall - Kill processes by name.
● pkill - Kill processes by pattern matching.
● bg - Move a job to the background.
● fg - Bring a job to the foreground.
● jobs - List background jobs.
● fdisk - Partition a disk.
● mkfs - Make a filesystem.
● mount - Mount a filesystem.
● umount - Unmount a filesystem.
● lsblk - List block devices.
● blkid - Print block device attributes.
● fdisk: Manage disk partitions.
● awk - Pattern scanning and processing.
● sed - Stream editor for modifying text.
● sort - Sort lines of text files.
● uniq - Report or omit repeated lines.
● cut - Remove sections from each line of files.
● wc - Word, line, character count.
● tr - Translate or delete characters.
● nl - Number lines of files.
● dmesg - Print or control kernel ring buffer.
● journalctl - Query the systemd journal.
● logger - Add entries to the system log.
● last - Show listing of last logged-in users.
● history - Show command history.
● tail -f - Monitor logs in real time.
● tar - Archive files.
● rsync - Synchronize files and directories.
● tar: Archive files. tar -cvf archive.tar /path/to/files # Create an archive tar -xvf archive.tar
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